Our bed frame was pulling away from the wall. I got L brackets and better screws and resecured the bed frame to the wall. Instead of filling the holes, maybe use expanding hollow wall anchors in your existing holes,
https://www.amazon.com/Hard-Find-Fas...38&sr=8-3&th=1
And install them with the tool that will properly expand them,
https://www.amazon.com/Anndason-Sett...7PPL466Y&psc=1
This will provide much more strength to hold the bed frame to the wall.